I don't think conscripts were every meant to be mainline infantry. To be honest, I use them more like support. [snip]
That is exactly what is the problem.
Cons are NOT mainline inf, because they don't perform without heavy doctrinal support and vet.
Penals are NOT mainline inf, because they are more expensive, less durable(vetted) cons.
Maxims are soviet mainline inf, because its the ONLY stock squad that is able to deal more bleed then it takes and allowing for a fighting chance past early game without heavy doctrinal support.