No no no, in game if you lesten the sniper team actually says strelki. Conscripts were the generic army since they were mostly green soldiers who never actually held a gun or fought a war
http://www.flamesofwar.com/Default.aspx?tabid=109&art_id=1862
I'm quite sure Strelkovy were the main-line infantry force of the Red Army, and they were pretty well equipped by mid-late war (1943 onwards) too- DP LMGs, PPSHs, grenades, all that. No idea why they don't feature in COH2 but that's a different matter entirely.
If I'm not wrong strelkovy could be composed of conscripts as well- conscripts just being people made to serve in the army, not a specific type of infantry squad or section.